Introductory Vocabulary

  • def.
  • Areas of psychology (clinical, counseling, social, factors, etc.)
  • Empiricism
  • Wundt, introspection
  • Kohler, Gestalt psychology
  • structuralism, Titchner
  • Functionalism, James
  • Behaviorism, Watson
  • Approaches: Biological, cognitive, psychoanalytic, humanist, behaviorist
  • Hypothesis
  • Theory
  • Elements of an experiment
  • Independent/dependent variables
  • Experimental/controls group...random group assignment
  • Placebo (affect)
  • Single/double blind
  • Counter balancing
  • Methods of controlling confounding variables (group matching randomization, etc.)
  • Subject variables
  • Experimenter Bias - double-blind design
  • Population sample
  • Interaction effects
  • Ex post facto method (Quasi-experiments)
  • Naturalistic observation - pros and cons
  • Correlation method...What, how used
  • Correlation vs. causation
  • Survey method...what, how used,...sampling error
  • basic vs. applied research
  • Issues surrounding animal research
  • Ethics on research..APA guidelines
  • Debriefing
  • Scientific method - develop theory -> form hypothesis -> observation -> test -> refine theory
  • Sociocultural variables in research
  • HYPOTHESIS CANNOT BE PROVEN!! WE MAKE INFERENCES
  • Individual vs. Collectivist Cultures